Washing different types of garments, their working techniques, washing recipes and washing process flow chart
Washing: Washing usually means cleaning dirt and dust with soap and water. Washing, however, is a term that carries a significant meaning to clothing. Washing is a process that is used to change or correct the look, appearance, comfort and feeling.
Washing purpose:
1. To change attitudes or looks.
2. Cleaning garments.
3. Removal of waste products, dust, dirt from clothing
4. Make clothing comfortable.
5. Garments are soft and easy to make.
Buying. Making clothes wearable after purchase.
7. Garments to look old.
8. To make clothing toxin free.
Wash type:
There are two main types of washing -
(i) Wet washing process
(ii) Dry-washing process
Wet washing process: Wet washing process is a process where water, liquid chemicals are used in washing at a certain temperature according to a recipe. Wet washing process is classified-
(A) Ordinary washing
(B) Pigment wash
(C) Enzyme wash
(d) Stone wash
(E) Bleach wash
(F) Bleach stone washing
(G) Acid wash
Dry washing process: This process is a type of process where no water is used in washing. The dry washing process is classified as-
(A) Sand eruption
(B) Whispering
(C) Hand scraping
(d) PP spray
(E) Destroy
(F) Grinding
Both denim and non-denim follow the following procedure according to the washing standard.
Dry washing process flow chart:
Acceptance of Garments
↓
QC
↓
Check for sewing problems and measurement tests
↓
Whisker
↓
Hand sanding
↓
Tagging
↓
Final QC
↓
1st wash
↓
Hydro
↓
Dryer
↓
QC
↓
Grinding
↓
Destruction
↓
PP spray
↓
Send wet wash
Wet washing process flow chart:
Garments received
↓
Drying process
↓
Send wet wash
↓
Garment load on washing m / c
↓
Designing
↓
Enzymes
↓
Bleach (if needed)
↓
Neutrality
↓
Lifting
↓
Drying
↓
PP spray (if required)
↓
Neutrality
↓
Tinting (if required)
↓
Softener
↓
Lifting
↓
Drying
↓
3D
↓
Healing
↓
QC
↓
Delivery
Normal wash: Normal wash is the process of removing dust, dirt and starch from the surface of the garment in the form of solution. This is a simple washing process.
General washing purpose:
1. Remove starch from the surface
2) To remove dust and dirt from the body of the garment.
3. See, Shine.
4. Feeling soft hands.
5. Enabling to wear it after purchase.
Common washing steps:
Designing
↓
Flexibility
↓
Hydro extract
↓
Dryer
↓
QC and delivery
The steps are described with the recipe:
Step 1: Realizing: Realizing means removing shaped elements from the surface.
Come on, the batch contains 70kg twill / denim clothing.
Recipe: M: L = 1: 8
Detergent = 0.5 g / L
Temperature = 40-60˚C
Time = 5-10 minutes
Throw away the wine
Cold wash
Step 2: Flexibility: The soft hand is softened to soften the garment for feeling.
Recipe:
M: L = 1: 8
Time = 5-10 minutes
Temp = 206C
Softener = 0.6 g / L
Acetic acid = 0.5 g / L
Put it in the liqueur
Take off your clothes
Hydro Extract: This step removes excess water using a hydro extractor machine.
Dryer: Dryer is used for drying clothes.
Load the dryer
Temp = 60-70˚C
Time = 40-50 minutes
And time = 10-15 minutes for cold drying
QC & Delivery: The garments are checked after drying and if ok, send to the finish.
Acid wash: Acid wash is the most common and popular washing process in the washing department. The process of partial bleaching with acid washing chlorine bleach. Pumice stone is used most of the time during acid washing. Pumais Stone is a lightweight rock formed by the eruption of a volcano. Pumice stone is used as a brush. The action of the garments and pumice stone surface creates a fading effect. The more action occurs, the wider the effect is produced and vice versa. Casting and washing standard matching foam is used
Purpose of acid washing:
1. Make clothes look old.
2. Improving tenderness.
3. Achieving customer value.
4. Increase the speed of frequent rubbing.
Steps of Acid Wash: The following steps are maintained through the acid washing process.
Designing
↓
Hot wash
↓
Acid wash
↓
To clean
↓
Neutrality
↓
Soft wash
↓
Hydro extract
↓
Dryer
↓
Delivery
The steps are described with the recipe:
Come on, the batch contains 70kg twill / denim clothing for washing.
Step 1: Realizing: Realizing means removing shaped elements from the surface.
Recipe: M: L = 1: 8
Detergent = 0.5 g / L
Digitizing agent = 0.5 g / L
Temperature = 40-60˚C
Time = 5-10 minutes
Put it in the liqueur
Rinse with water
Step 2: Hot wash: Hot wash is done to remove the adhesion material from the surface of the garments.
Recipe: M: L = 1: 8
Temperature = 50-60˚C
Time = 5 minutes
Put it in the liqueur
Dressed clothes are dry
Step 3: Acid wash:
o Water = 100L
o Potassium permangate = 1000 g
o Phosphoric acid = 250 gm
o Arrange the solution in a stainless steel tub with dried pumice stone.
o Soak the stones with chemical solution for 10-20 minutes
o The solution extracted by stones is dried in open air for 2-3 hours
o Pre-treated garments 35-40 kg per batch load in the machine
O Load the pre-treated stone in the machine.
o Start the machine and run for 10-20 minutes.
o Then unload the garments and stones separately. Stones with PP solution will hit the garments and fade. Now load the clothes into another washing machine for the next step.
Step 4: Cleaning: Here the stone is washed to remove dust and chemicals.
Recipe:
M: L = 1:10
Detergent = 1 g / L
Time = 10-15 minutes
Tempe = 40-50˚C
Put it in the liqueur.
Step 5: Neutralization: Neutralize the acidity from clothing.
Recipe: M: L = 1: 8
Meta bisulfate = 5 g / L
Time = 10 minutes
Temp = 25-30˚ C
Put it in the liqueur
Step :: Softening: For soft and smooth handling, softening is done.
Recipe: M: L = 1: 8
Flexible agent = 1 g / L
Acetic acid = 0.6 g / L
Discard the liqueur and unload the garments
Step 7: Hydro Extract: To remove excess water by hydro extractor machine.
Step 8: Dryer: After removing the loads of clothing in a steam dryer or gas dryer.
Temp = 50-60˚C
Time = 40 minutes
Step 9: QC and Delivery: Garments are checked after drying. Delivery if OK
Enzyme wash
Enzyme wash: Enzyme wash has become popular nowadays for washing clothes to reduce the adverse effects of stone washing. The enzyme is a living organic chemical and it acts as a catalyst in the washing process.
There are two types of enzymes. Such as- (i) Neutral enzyme (ii) Acid enzyme
Neutral enzymes are also classified as powder form and liquid form.
Purpose of enzyme washing:
1. To remove shaped materials
2. Remove starch materials.
3. High to low friction found in clothing and seam friction in sewing fields.
4. Achieve buyer standard.
5. Develop air polishing effect of cotton.
The. Increases color visibility and rubs solidity
Enzyme washing steps:
Designing
↓
Enzymes
↓
Flexibility
↓
Hydro extract
↓
Drying
↓
Delivery
Step 1: Realizing: Realizing means removing shaped elements from the surface.
Recipe: M: L = 1: 8
Detergent = 0.5 g / L
Digitizing agent = 0.5 g / L
Temperature = 40-60˚C
Time = 5-10 minutes
Put it in the liqueur
Rinse with water
Step 2: Enzyme wash:
Recipe: M: L = 1: 8
Acetic acid = 0.6 g / L
Anti-back staining acid = 0.6 g / L
Acid enzyme = 1.5 g / L
Tempe = 40-60˚C
Time = 40 minutes
Increase the temperature to 90 সেন C and run for 1 minute to kill the enzyme
Step 3: Flexibility: Soft hands are softened to soften the garment for feeling.
Recipe:
M: L = 1: 8
Time = 15-20 minutes
Temp = 206C
Softener = 0.6 g / L
Acetic acid = 0.5 g / L
Put it in the liqueur
Take off your clothes
Step 4: Hydro Extract: To remove excess water by hydro extractor machine.
Step 5: Dryer: After loading the garments into a gas dryer.
Temp = 50-60˚C
Time = 40 minutes
Step :: QC and Delivery: Garments are checked after drying. Delivery if OK
Drying process
Whisker: Whisker is the first process of dry washing. It is most common in the drying process. A separate design is created and then transfer the design to a rubber board or pattern. Next, the pattern is placed inside the garment and scrubbed on top of the pattern on which the design will be depicted.
Whiskers can be made in three ways.
(i) By whisking pattern.
(ii) By manual hand scrap.
(iii) Using a laser machine.
Whispering pattern:
1. The first design is selected after it is put on a white poly dress
2. Mark the design with a marker with a seam line
3. Take a rubber board or pattern and replace the poly on top of the rubber.
4. Create designs on rubber boards by carving or carving with a knife.
5. Patterns are made.
Now. Now it is in clothing.
7. Scrape over the engraved area and the whisker is designed.
Manual hand scrap:
Manual hand scraping is used to bring whisking pattern designs to garments. Abrasive paper or emery paper, pattern, chalk is used for manual hand scraping. Abrasive paper varies according to its use.
(i) P-400 (very rough)
(ii) P-800 (Medium Rough)
(iii) P-1000 (less rough)
Laser machine: The laser machine is used for fissure or burning effect on denim clothing. This process is done after washing.
Hand scraping: Hand scraping is a manual and widely used procedure in the dry washing department. This process is applied after wiping the specific process to remove the color, specific harmful paper, gum tape, air dummy, hand used to do it. The pressure should be uniform when scraping after clothing on hand.
Grinding:
A grinding machine is used to destroy the edges. Humiliation is the destruction of the edges of clothing. This is often done on hem, pocket openers, clothing pocket flaps. Small size stones are used in machines for grinding.
Destruction:
Destruction is the most common and nowadays it has become the most popular in the fashion market. Grinding machines with stones of different sizes are used to make these rose pens. By this process, white yarn or weaving yarn is worn which makes the garments unique and fashionable.
3D Crinkle / Wrinkle:
Wrinkle or Crinkle carries the same meaning. This is the final process of dry washing a If any buyer needs this wash, it is done after finishing all kinds of dry and wet washing. For this process, all clothing is washed with resin and then dried by a hydro extractor. Special effects are then illustrated. Wrinkles or powders are made on all types of fabrics such as denim, towels, poplin, woven, viscose, nylon, etc. The 100% solution contains 20% resin and 80% water to create a powder effect. Various auxiliaries used this solution for better penetration of the solution because it prevents the transition to the normal position and thus creates wrinkles or creases.
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